Exodus 18

1 Now Moses’ father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian, heard about all that God had done for Moses and His people Israel, and how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.

1 وَسَمِعَ يَثْرُونُ كَاهِنُ مِدْيَانَ وَحَمُو مُوسَى بِجَمِيعِ مَا أَجْرَاهُ اللهُ لِمُوسَى وَلإِسْرَائِيلَ شَعْبِهِ، وَكَيْفَ أَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ مِصْرَ،

2 After Moses had sent back his wife Zipporah, his father-in-law Jethro had received her,

2 فَأَخَذَ يَثْرُونُ حَمُو مُوسَى صَفُّورَةَ زَوْجَةَ مُوسَى الَّتِي كَانَ قَدْ أَرْجَعَهَا إِلَى أَبِيهَا

3 along with her two sons. One son was named Gershom, for Moses had said, “I have been a foreigner in a foreign land.”

3 وَابْنَيْهَا اللَّذَيْنِ يُدْعَى أَحَدُهُمَا جِرْشُومَ (وَمَعْنَاهُ: غَرِيبٌ) لأَنَّ (مُوسَى) قَالَ: «كُنْتُ نَزِيلاً فِي أَرْضٍ غَرِيبَةٍ».

4 The other son was named Eliezer, for Moses had said, “The God of my father was my helper and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.”

4 وَاسْمُ الثَّانِي أَلِيعَازَرُ (وَمَعْنَاهُ: إِلَهِي عَوْنٌ لِي) لأَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِلَهُ أَبِي كَانَ عَوْنِي، فَأَنْقَذَنِي مِنْ سَيْفِ فِرْعَوْنَ».

5 Moses’ father-in-law Jethro, along with Moses’ wife and sons, came to him in the desert, where he was encamped at the mountain of God.

5 وَقَدِمَ يَثْرُونُ حَمُو مُوسَى وَمَعَهُ ابْنَا مُوسَى وَزَوْجَتُهُ إِلَى مُوسَى فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ حَيْثُ كَانَ مُجْتَمِعاً عِنْدَ جَبَلِ اللهِ.

6 He sent word to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”

6 فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى مُوسَى قَائِلاً: «أَنَا حَمُوكَ يَثْرُونُ قَادِمٌ إِلَيْكَ وَمَعِي زَوْجَتُكَ وَابْنَاهَا».

7 So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down and kissed him. They greeted each other and went into the tent.

7 فَخَفَّ مُوسَى لاِسْتِقْبَالِ حَمِيهِ، وَانْحَنَى لَهُ احْتِرَاماً وَقَبَّلَهُ. وَسَأَلَ كُلٌّ مِنْهُمَا الآخَرَ عَنْ أَحْوَالِهِ، ثُمَّ دَخَلا إِلَى الْخَيْمَةِ.

8 Then Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, all the hardships they had encountered along the way, and how the LORD had delivered them.

8 وَسَرَدَ مُوسَى عَلَى حَمِيهِ كُلَّ مَا أَجْرَاهُ الرَّبُّ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَالْمِصْرِيِّينَ لإِنْقَاذِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَمَا تَعَرَّضُوا لَهُ مِنْ مَشَقَّةٍ فِي الطَّرِيقِ، وَكَيْفَ أَنْقَذَهُمُ الرَّبُّ مِنْهَا.

9 And Jethro rejoiced over all the good things the LORD had done for Israel, whom He had rescued from the hand of the Egyptians.

9 فَاغْتَبَطَ يَثْرُونُ بِجَمِيعِ مَا صَنَعَهُ الرَّبُّ مِنْ إِحْسَانٍ إِلَى إِسْرَائِيلَ، إذْ أَنْقَذَهُمْ مِنْ يَدِ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ.

10 Jethro declared, “Blessed be the LORD, who has delivered you from the hand of the Egyptians and of Pharaoh, and who has delivered the people from the hand of the Egyptians.

10 وَقَالَ يَثْرُونُ: «مُبَارَكٌ الرَّبُّ الَّذِي أَنْقَذَكُمْ مِنْ يَدِ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ وَمِنْ يَدِ فِرْعَوْنَ، وَحَرَّرَ الشَّعْبَ مِنْ نِيرِ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ.

11 Now I know that the LORD is greater than all other gods, for He did this when they treated Israel with arrogance.”

11 الآنَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الرَّبَّ هُوَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الآلِهَةِ، لأَنَّهُ عَامَلَهُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا بَغَوْا بِهِ».

12 Then Moses’ father-in-law Jethro brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence of God.

12 وَقَدَّمَ يَثْرُونُ حَمُو مُوسَى مُحْرَقَةً وَذَبَائِحَ لِلهِ. وَجَاءَ هَرُونُ وَجَمِيعُ شُيُوخِ إِسْرَائِيلَ لِيَأْكُلُوا طَعَاماً مَعَ حَمِي مُوسَى فِي حَضْرَةِ اللهِ.

13 The next day Moses took his seat to judge the people, and they stood around him from morning until evening.

13 وَفِي الصَّبَاحِ جَلَسَ مُوسَى لِيَقْضِيَ لِلشَّعْبِ، وَظَلَّ الشَّعْبُ وَاقِفاً لَدَى مُوسَى مِنَ الصَّبَاحِ إِلَى المَسَاءِ.

14 When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he asked, “What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone as judge, with all the people standing around you from morning till evening?”

14 فَلَمَّا رَأَى حَمُو مُوسَى جَمِيعَ مَا يَقُومُ بِهِ لِلشَّعْبِ قَالَ لَهُ: «مَا هَذَا الَّذِي تَصْنَعُهُ لِلشَّعْبِ؟ وَلِمَاذَا تَجْلِسُ وَحْدَك لِلْقَضَاءِ، بِيْنَمَا يَظَلُّ جَمِيعُ الشَّعْبِ وَاقِفاً لَدَيْكَ مِنَ الصَّبَاحِ إِلَى الْمَسَاءِ؟»

15 “Because the people come to me to inquire of God,” Moses replied.

15 فَأَجَابَ مُوسَى: «لأَنَّ الشَّعْبَ يُقْبِلُ إِلَيَّ لِيَسْتَطْلِعَ إرَادَةَ اللهِ.

16 “Whenever they have a dispute, it is brought to me to judge between one man and another, and I make known to them the statutes and laws of God.”

16 فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ دَعْوَى يَلْجَأُونَ إِلَيَّ فَأَقْضِي بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَالآخَرِ، وَأُطْلِعُهُمْ عَلَى فَرَائِضِ اللهِ وَشَرَائِعِهِ».

17 But Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “What you are doing is not good.

17 فَقَالَ حَمُو مُوسَى: «إِنَّ مَا تَفْعَلُهُ لَيْسَ بِالأَمْرِ الصَّائِبِ،

18 Surely you and these people with you will wear yourselves out, because the task is too heavy for you. You cannot handle it alone.

18 إذْ لابُدَّ لِلْكَلَلِ أَنْ يَعْتَرِيَكَ أَنْتَ وَكُلَّ هَذَا الشَّعْبِ الَّذِي مَعَكَ، لأَنَّ الأَمْرَ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِكَ، وَلا يُمْكِنُكَ أَنْ تَتَوَلاهُ وَحْدَكَ.

19 Now listen to me; I will give you some advice, and may God be with you. You must be the people’s representative before God and bring their causes to Him.

19 فَأَصْغِ إِلَى صَوْتِي لأُسْدِيَ لَكَ نَصِيحَةً، وَلْيَكُنِ اللهُ مَعَكَ. فَلْتَكُنْ أَنْتَ مُمَثِّلَ الشَّعْبِ أَمَامَ اللهِ، فَتَرْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ دَعَاوَاهُمْ.

20 Teach them the statutes and laws, and show them the way to live and the work they must do.

20 وَعَلِّمْهُمُ الْفَرَائِضَ وَالشَّرَائِعَ، وَأَعْلِنْ لَهُمُ الطَّرِيقَ الَّذِي يَسْلُكُونَهُ، وَمَا يَسْتَوْجِبُ عَلَيْهِمِ الْقِيَامُ بِهِ مِنْ أَعْمَالٍ.

21 Furthermore, select capable men from among the people—God-fearing, trustworthy men who are averse to dishonest gain. Appoint them over the people as leaders of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.

21 وَلَكِنِ اخْتَرْ مِنْ بَيْنِ الشَّعْبِ رِجَالاً مُقْتَدِرِينَ خَائِفِينَ اللهَ أُمَنَاءَ يُبْغِضُونَ الرِّشْوَةَ، تُقِيمُهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ رُؤَسَاءَ لِفِئَاتِ الأُلُوفِ وَالْمِئَاتِ وَالْخَمَاسِينَ وَالْعَشَرَاتِ.

22 Have these men judge the people at all times. Then they can bring you any major issue, but all minor cases they can judge on their own, so that your load may be lightened as they share it with you.

22 فَيَقْضُونَ لِلشَّعْبِ فِي الدَعَاوَى الصَّغِيرَةِ فِي كُلِّ حِينٍ. أَمَّا الْقَضَايَا الْمُسْتَعْصِيَةُ فَيَرْفَعُونَهَا إِلَيْكَ، فَيُخَفِّفُ ذَلِكَ عَنْكَ، إذْ يُشَارِكُونَكَ فِي حَمْلِ الْعِبْءِ.

23 If you follow this advice and God so directs you, then you will be able to endure, and all these people can go home in peace.”

23 فَإِنْ فَعَلْتَ هَذَا وَأَوْصَاكَ اللهُ بِهِ، أَمْكَنَكَ الْقِيَامُ بِمَسْؤولِيَّاتِكَ، وَيَمْضِي جَمِيعُ هَذَا الشَّعْبِ إِلَى مَكَانِهِ بِسَلامٍ».

24 Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.

24 فَاسْتَمَعَ مُوسَى إِلَى نِصيحَةِ حَمِيهِ، وَنَفَّذَ كُلَّ مَا قَالَهُ لَهُ،

25 So Moses chose capable men from all Israel and made them heads over the people as leaders of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.

25 وَاخْتَارَ مُوسَى مِنْ بَيْنِ جَمِيعِ الإِسْرَائِيلِيِّينَ رِجَالاً مُقْتَدِرِينَ، وَأَقَامَهُمْ عَلَى الشَّعْبِ، رُؤَسَاءَ أُلُوفٍ وَمِئَاتٍ وَخَمَاسِينَ وَعَشَرَاتٍ.

26 And they judged the people at all times; they would bring the difficult cases to Moses, but any minor issue they would judge themselves.

26 فَكَانُوا يَقْضُونَ لِلشَّعْبِ فِي كُلِّ الدَعَاوَى الصَّغِيرَةِ. أَمَّا الْقَضَايَا الُمُسْتَعْصِيَةُ فَكَانُوا يَرْفَعُونَهَا إِلَى مُوسَى.

27 Then Moses sent his father-in-law on his way, and Jethro returned to his own land.

27 ثُمَّ شَيَّعَ مُوسَى حَمَاهُ، فَرَجَعَ هَذَا إِلَى أَرْضِهِ.