Exodus 21

1 “These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:

1 وَهَذِهِ هِي الأَحْكَامُ الَّتِي تَضَعُهَا أَمَامَهُمْ:

2 If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free without paying anything.

2 إنِ اشْتَرَيْتَ عَبْداً عِبْرَانِيًّا فَلْيَخْدُمْكَ سِتَّ سَنَوَاتٍ، وَفِي السَّنَةِ السَّابِعَةِ تُطْلِقُهُ حُرّاً مَجَّاناً

3 If he arrived alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrived with a wife, she is to leave with him.

3 وَإذَا اشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَهُوَ أَعْزَبُ يُطْلَقُ وَحْدَهُ. وَإِنِ اشْتَرَيْتَهُ وَهُوَ بَعْلُ امْرَأَةٍ، تُطْلَقُ زَوْجَتُهُ مَعَهُ.

4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.

4 وَإِنْ وَهَبَهُ مَوْلاهُ زَوْجَةً وَأَنْجَبَتْ لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ، فَإِنَّ زَوْجَتَهُ وَأَوْلادَهَا يَكُونُونَ مِلْكاً لِسَيِّدِهِ، وَهُوَ يُطْلَقُ وَحْدَهُ حُرّاً.

5 But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children; I do not want to go free,’

5 لَكِنْ إِنْ قَالَ الْعَبْدُ: «أُحِبُّ مَوْلايَ وَزَوْجَتِي وَأَوْلادِي، وَلا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ حُرّاً.

6 then his master is to bring him before the judges. And he shall take him to the door or doorpost and pierce his ear with an awl. Then he shall serve his master for life.

6 يَأْخُذُهُ سَيِّدُهُ إِلَى قُضَاةِ الْمَدِينَةِ، ثُمَّ يُقِيمُهُ لِصْقَ الْبَابِ أَوْ قَائِمَتِهِ، وَيَثْقُبُ أُذُنَهُ بِمِخْرَزٍ، فَيُصْبِحُ خَادِماً لَهُ مَدَى الْحَيَاةِ.

7 And if a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as the menservants do.

7 وَلَكِنْ إِذَا بَاعَ رَجُلٌ ابْنَتَهُ كَأَمَةٍ، فَإِنَّهَا لَا تُطْلَقُ حُرَّةً كَمَا يُطْلَقُ الْعَبْدُ.

8 If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who had designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has broken faith with her.

8 فَإِذَا لَمْ تَرُقْ لِمَوْلاهَا الَّذِي خَطَبَهَا لِنَفْسِهِ، يَسْمَحُ بِافْتِدَائِهَا، وَلا يَحِقُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا لِقَوْمٍ أَجَانِبَ لأَنَّهُ غَدَرَ بِها فَلَمْ يَتَزَوَّجْهَا

9 And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter.

9 وَإِنْ خَطَبَهَا لاِبْنِهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُعَامِلُهَا كَابْنَةٍ لَهُ.

10 If he takes another wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of his first wife.

10 أَمَّا إِذَا أَعْجَبَتْهُ وَتَزَوَّجَهَا، ثُمَّ عَادَ فَتَزَوَّجَ مِنْ أُخْرَى، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُنَقِّصُ شَيْئاً مِنْ طَعَامِهَا وَكُسْوَتِهَا وَمُعَاشَرَتِهَا،

11 If, however, he does not provide her with these three things, she is free to go without monetary payment.

11 فَإِذَا قَصَّرَ فِي وَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَشْيَاءِ الثَّلاثَةِ، عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُطْلِقَهَا حُرَّةً مَجَّاناً.

12 Whoever strikes and kills a man must surely be put to death.

12 مَنْ ضَرَبَ إنْسَاناً وَقَتَلَهُ، فَالضَّارِبُ حَتْماً يَمُوتُ.

13 If, however, he did not lie in wait, but God allowed it to happen, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee.

13 وَلَكِنْ إِنْ لَمْ يَتَعَمَّدِ الضَّارِبُ ذَلِكَ، بَلْ حَدَثَ الأَمْرُ بِقَضَاءِ اللهِ فَإِنِّي سَأُعَيِّنُ لَهُ مَكَاناً يَلْجَأُ إِلَيْهِ.

14 But if a man schemes and acts willfully against his neighbor to kill him, you must take him away from My altar to be put to death.

14 وَلَكِنْ إِذَا تَآمَرَ أَحَدٌ عَلَى آخَرَ وَتَعَمَّدَ قَتْلَهُ، فَسُقْهُ لِلْمَوْتِ حَتَّى وَلَوِ احْتَمَى بِمَذْبَحِي

15 Whoever strikes his father or mother must surely be put to death.

15 كُلُّ مَنْ يَضْرِبْ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ، يُقْتَلْ.

16 Whoever kidnaps another man must be put to death, whether he sells him or the man is found in his possession.

16 مَنْ يَخْطِفْ إِنْسَاناً وَيَبِعْهُ أَوْ يَسْتَرِقَّهُ عِنْدَهُ حَتْماً يَمُتْ.

17 Anyone who curses his father or mother must surely be put to death.

17 مَنْ يَشْتِمْ أَبَاهُ أَوْ أُمَّهُ يُقْتَلْ.

18 If men are quarreling and one strikes the other with a stone or a fist, and he does not die but is confined to bed,

18 إِذَا تَعَارَكَ رَجُلانِ فَضَرَبَ أَحَدُهُمَا الآخَرَ بِحَجَرٍ أَوْ لَكَمَهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُمِيتَهُ بَلْ أَلْزَمَهُ الْفِرَاشَ،

19 then the one who struck him shall go unpunished, as long as the other can get up and walk around outside with his staff. Nevertheless, he must compensate the man for his lost work and see that he is completely healed.

19 ثُمَّ قَامَ مُتَمَشِّياً مُتَوَكِّئاً عَلَى عُكَّازِهِ، يُبَرَّأُ الضَّارِبُ، إلّا أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ لِلْمَضْرُوبِ تَعْوِيضاً عَنْ مُدَّةِ تَعَطُّلِهِ، وَيَتَحَمَّلَ نَفَقَاتِ عِلاجِهِ.

20 If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished.

20 إنْ ضَرَبَ أَحَدٌ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ بِالْعَصَا ضَرْباً أَفْضَى إِلَى الْمَوْتِ، يُعَاقَبُ.

21 However, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.

21 لَكِنْ إِنْ بَقِيَ حَيًّا يَوْماً أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ، لَا يُعَاقَبُ الضَّارِبُ، لأَنَّ العَبْدَ مِلْكُهُ.

22 If men who are fighting strike a pregnant woman and her child is born prematurely, but there is no further injury, he shall surely be fined as the woman’s husband demands and as the court allows.

22 إِنْ تَضَارَبَ رِجَالٌ وَصَدَمُوا امْرَأَةً حَامِلاً فَأَجْهَضَتْ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَتَأَذَّى، يَدْفَعُ الصَّادِمُ غَرَامَةً بِمُقْتَضَى مَا يُطَالِبُ بِهِ الزَّوْجُ وَوَفْقاً لِقَرَارِ الْقُضَاةِ.

23 But if a serious injury results, then you must require a life for a life—

23 أَمَّا إِذَا تَأَذَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ، تَأْخُذُ نَفْساً بِنَفْسٍ،

24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

24 وَعَيْناً بِعَيْنٍ، وَسِنّاً بِسِنٍّ، وَيَداً بِيَدٍ، وَرِجْلاً بِرِجْلٍ،

25 burn for burn, wound for wound, and stripe for stripe.

25 وَكَيًّا بِكَيٍّ، وَجُرْحاً بِجُرْحٍ، وَرَضّاً بِرَضٍّ.

26 If a man strikes and blinds the eye of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for the eye.

26 وَإذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدٌ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ، فَأَتْلَفَ عَيْنَهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُطْلِقُهُ حُرّاً تَعْوِيضاً لَهُ عَنْ عَيْنِهِ

27 And if he knocks out the tooth of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for the tooth.

27 وَإذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدٌ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ، فَأَسْقَطَ سِنَّهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُطْلِقُهُ حُرّاً تَعْوِيضاً عَنْ سِنِّهِ.

28 If an ox gores a man or woman to death, the ox must surely be stoned, and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the ox shall not be held responsible.

28 إِذَا نَطَحَ ثَوْرٌ رَجُلاً أَوِ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ، يُرْجَمُ الثَّوْرُ حَتَّى الْمَوْتِ وَلا تَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمَهُ، وَيَكُونُ صَاحِبُ الثَّوْرِ بَرِيئاً.

29 But if the ox has a habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or woman, then the ox must be stoned and its owner must also be put to death.

29 أَمَّا إِنْ كَانَ الثَّوْرُ نَطَّاحاً مِنْ قَبْلُ، وَسَبَقَ إِنْذَارُ صَاحِبِهِ، فَلَمْ يَكْبَحْهُ، فَقَتَلَ رَجُلاً أَوِ امْرَأَةً، يُرْجَمُ الثَّوْرُ، وَيُقْتَلُ صَاحِبُهُ.

30 If payment is demanded of him instead, he may redeem his life by paying the full amount demanded of him.

30 إلّا إِذَا طُولِبَ بِدَفْعِ الدِّيَّةِ، فَيَدْفَعُ آنَئِذٍ فِدَاءَ نَفْسِهِ مَا هُوَ مَتَوَجِّبٌ عَلَيْهِ.

31 If the ox gores a son or a daughter, it shall be done to him according to the same rule.

31 وَإذَا نَطَحَ ابْناً أَوِ ابْنَةً، يُنَفَّذُ فِيهِ هَذَا الْحُكْمُ.

32 If the ox gores a manservant or maidservant, the owner must pay thirty shekels of silver to the master of that servant, and the ox must be stoned.

32 وَإذَا نَطَحَ الثَّوْرُ عَبْداً أَوْ أَمَةً، فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَهُ يَدْفَعُ ثَلاثِينَ قِطْعَةَ فِضَّةٍ تَعْوِيضاً لِمَوْلاهُ، وَيُرْجَمُ الثَّوْرُ.

33 If a man opens or digs a pit and fails to cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,

33 إنْ كَشَفَ إِنْسَانٌ غِطَاءَ بِئْرِهِ، أَوْ حَفَرَ بِئْراً وَتَرَكَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ غِطَاءٍ، فَوَقَعَ فِيهَا ثَوْرٌ أَوْ حِمَارٌ،

34 the owner of the pit shall make restitution; he must pay its owner, and the dead animal will be his.

34 يَقُومُ صَاحِبُ الْبِئْرِ بِدَفْعِ تَعْوِيضٍ عَنِ الْخَسَارَةِ تُضَاهِي ثَمَنَهُ، وَيَكُونُ الْمَيْتُ لَهُ.

35 If a man’s ox injures his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they must sell the live one and divide the proceeds; they also must divide the dead animal.

35 وَإذَا نَطَحَ ثَوْرُ إِنْسَانٍ ثَوْرَ صَاحِبٍ لَهُ فَمَاتَ الثَّوْرُ، فَإِنَّهُمَا يَبِيعَانِ الثَّوْرَ الْحَيَّ وَيَقْتَسِمَانِ ثَمَنَهُ، وَكَذَلِكَ يَقْتَسِمَانِ الثَّوْرَ الْمَيْتَ.

36 But if it was known that the ox had a habit of goring, yet its owner failed to restrain it, he shall pay full compensation, ox for ox, and the dead animal will be his.

36 وَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ مَعْرُوفاً مِنْ قَبْلُ، أَنَّ الثَّوْرَ نَطَّاحٌ وَلَمْ يَكْبَحْهُ صَاحِبُهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُعَوِّضُ ثَوْراً بِثَوْرٍ، وَيَكُونُ الثَّوْرُ الْمَيْتُ لَهُ.